Definition Mean, Median, and Mode

DEFINITION.TODAY - The goal of central tendency is to see the one worth that identifies the middle of the distribution and best represent the complete set of scores. The 3 customary measures of central tendency are the mode, the median, and therefore the mean.

The mean is that the arithmetic average. it's computed by adding all of the scores and so dividing by the amount of scores. Conceptually, the mean is obtained by dividing the overall (乙X) equally among the amount of people (N or n). The mean also can be outlined because the balance purpose for the distribution. The distances on top of the mean are precisely balanced by the distances below the mean. though the calculation is that the same for a population or a sample mean, a population mean is known by the symbol μ, and a sample mean is known by M. In most things with numerical scores from associate interval or a magnitude relation scale, the mean is that the most popular live of central tendency.

Changing any score within the distribution causes the mean to be modified. once a relentless worth is additional to (or ablated from) each score during a distribution, an equivalent constant worth is additional to (or ablated from) the mean. If each score is increased by a relentless, the mean is increased by an equivalent constant.

The median is that the point of a distribution of scores. The median is that the most popular live of central tendency once a distribution encompasses a few extreme scores that displace the worth of the mean. The median is also used for open-ended distributions or once there are undetermined (infinite) scores that build it not possible to reckon a mean. Finally, the median is that the most popular live of central tendency for knowledge from associate ordinal scale.

The mode is that the most often occurring score during a distribution. it's simply situated by finding the height during a statistical distribution graph. For knowledge measured on a nominal scale, the mode is that the applicable live of central tendency. it's attainable for a distribution to possess quite one mode.

For symmetrical distributions, the mean is up to the median. If there's one mode, then it's an equivalent worth, too.

For skew distributions, the mode is found toward the facet wherever the scores bring together, and therefore the mean tends to be force toward the intense scores within the tail. The median is typically situated between these 2 values.

Storm Surge Definition - What is Storm Surge?

DEFINITION.TODAY - Storm Surge Definition - What is Storm Surge? A storm surge is often defined as the difference between the observed water level and that which would have occured at the same place and time in the absence of a storm.

It should be noted that this residual can be negative as well as positive, although it is of course only the latter that creates a flooding problem. Note also that the definition implicitly includes higher frequency water-level changes such as waves.

The term storm surge also means an abnormal rise in sea level accompanying a hurricane or other intense storm, and whose height is the difference between the observed level of the sea surface and therefore the level that might have occured within the absence of the cyclone.

Storm surge is usually estimated by subtracting the normal or astronomic high tide from the observed storm tide.

Storm surge, by definition, is also the change in the absence of the astronomical tide during a storm's passage through a given coastal area. It can be positive or negative to the mean water level that one chooses to define, and there is no minimum in terms of its magnitude.

Of course, tides don't take holidays and the storm tide (the highest water level that result during the storm) is a combination of both the storm surge and the anstronomical tide that simultaneously occurs.

We can make an estimate of the storm surge history (its height through time during the storm, sometimes called a surge hydrograph) by simply subtracting the predicted tide from the observed tide at a local tide station.

This is not as easy as it sounds for several reasons. For one thing, hurricanes have an excellent record of destroying tide gauges that get ini their way.

For another, the storm surge may interfere with the astronomical tide, causing it to change slightly from the tide that would have resulted in the absence of the storm. Finally, as was the case for hurricane Andrew, the height of the storm surge could vary staggeringly from purpose to purpose among a comparatively tiny space.

Since there are not that many continously operating tide stations even in the United States, the oddsare against any one station capturing the absolute maximum storm tide in the region.

For the above reasons, maximum storm tide heights are usually determined from high water marks left inside buildings that survive the storm. This is where things get tricky.

Unlike a tide gauge that has a stilling well or a similar device for filtering out waves, high water marks include not only the storm tide (the astronomical tide plus the storm surge) however can also embrace an extra contribution from wind waves.

Not one really knows for certain what these waves may be like in the center of a major hurricane making a landfall.

Perhaps the only most alarming characteristic of hurricanes, no matter size, is that the potential for the onset of flooding from the advancing ocean, called storm surge. Before cyclone Katrina, the idea of storm surge was typically related to wave action, or to place it in additional easy terms - terms typically abused by native emergency management, news media, and even the National Hurricane Center itself - "hurricane waves."

The ideal that hurricane storm surge is simply a wave generated by the storm is a common misconception of the physical processes at work during a hurricane event. While there are definitely waves related to any tropical system, storm surges are literally outlined as offshore will increase in water volume related to depression systems.

This increase occurs as water is pushed toward the shore by the force of the winds moving around the storm system - which in the Northern Hemisphere is counterclockwise.

The rising ocean levels even have waves, which increase the water height and so impact. Storm surge water depths associated with hurricanes vary greatly depending on near-shore characteristics (depth of water, bathymetry, slope, and topographic features such as barrier islands or estuaries) and on the storm itself (including forward speed, intensity, size, barometric pressure, and angle of approach to the shore).

There are certain coastlines of the United States that are more affected by storm surge than others. For example, the wide and shallow character of the offshore area along the Gulf Coast of Mississipi exacerbates the effects of storm surge while the quick drop of the continental shelf along the east coast of Florida tends to reduce the effects of storm surges on land-falling hurricanes along the state's Atlantic coastline.

Given local variations in offshore bathymetry and topography and storm parameters it has become increasingly problematic to equate storm surges with wind speeds. For example, Hurrican Camille was a Category 5 storm (with a 25 foot storm surge), while Hurricane Katrina was a Category 3 storm (based on wind speeds), but had a Category 5 storm surge. Because of this, the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale no longer equates wind intensity with storm surge, a change that occured in 2010.

How to determine storm surge height?

One of the methods for determining storm surge height is to record so-called high-water marks on buildings. These area unit the marks from the water level left on the edges of structures once the water recedes. High-water marks are routinely used in measuring historic flood heights in addition to storm surge. Communities often use high-water marks as testimonials or commemorations of the impacts of previous storms. Since so much of the infrastructure was simply washed away by the storm surge, it was very difficult to estimate with precision the height of the storm surge, given the geographic variation in local conditions mentioned previously.

Warning!!!

 A safe area designed to safeguard you and your family or staff from a cyclone or tornado mustn't be inbuilt a vicinity expected to be flooded throughout a cyclone, violent storm, or alternative severe weather event. Residents of hazard-prone coastal areas ought to abide by the warnings of their native emergency services personnel and evacuate to safer ground. The protection from wind provided by safe rooms and shelters is quickly negated once individuals notice themselves cornered and inundated by floodwaters.

If you are doing not apprehend whether or not your home or little business is during a storm surge space or alternative space subject to flooding, check the community service section of your native phone book for storm surge evacuation data or raise your native emergency management or plain management official.

Metaphor Definition According to Experts

DEFINITION.TODAY - Metaphor Definition According to Experts - The meaning of the word metaphor can be traced back to the ancient Greek word composed by the prefix "meta," implying a change, and "pherein" meaning "to carry, to bear."

In the modern Greek the word "metaphor" also exists and can be translated with "transport" or "transfer". In general, it can be said that metaphor makes qualitative leap from a comparison to an identification or fusion of 2 objects. Thus one thing is one like or as something else, but one thing is something else.

1. Metaphor Definition according Aristotle

More precisely, Aristotle defines a metaphor as follows:

"The greatest thing by far is to be a master of metaphor. It is the one thing that cannot be learnt from others; and it is  also a sign of genius, since a good metaphor implies an intuitive perception of the similarity in the dissimilar." (Poetics 1459a 3-8)

"Metaphor consists in giving the thing a name that belongs to something else; the transference being either from genus to species, or from species to genus, or from species to species, or gon the ground of analogy (Poetics, 1457b)"

For example, a transfer from species to genus is "Indeed ten thousand noble things Odysseus did", in which the phrase ten thousand, a spesies of meaning, is being used instead of the word "many". Metaphor by analogy is "Old age is to life as evening is to day", where one calls the evening day's "old age" and old age "the evening of life". This classification served as the basis for later distinctions among figures of speech, such as synecdoche and metonymy, as well as analogy.

2 important ideas come from Aristotle's definition of metaphor. First, metaphor is a matter of words, because metaphoric transfer takes place at the level of words, not sentences. Second, metaphor is viewed as deviant from literal usage because it involves the transfer of a name to some object to which that name does not properly belong.

Aristotle said Diction becomes distinguished and non-prosaic by the use of unfamiliar terms, i.e.,strange words, metaphors, lengthened forms, and everything that deviates from ordinary models of speech (Poetics, 148a)

A third characteristic of metaphor for Aristotle is that metaphor is based on similarities between two things. Each metaphoric transfer from genus to species, species to genus, species to species, or by analogy requires that some underlying resemblance or similarity be noted that permits the transfer to be made.

Thus, according to him, a metaphor is the recognition of that which 2 things might have  in common.

2. Metaphor Definition according to Nietzsche

Metaphor is to treat a thing as another that is recognized as similar in some respect (1869,74). Hence, similarity is the basis of the metaphorical transposition.

3. Metaphor Definition according to Ricocur

He defined metaphor as the trope of similarity (Ricoeur, 1975)

4. Metaphor Definition according to Hegel

He defined metaphor as an image that brings together the clarity of allegory with the pleasure of an enigma. According to him, metaphor is a shortened comparison whose meaning reveals itself only thanks to that connection. Metaphor has a purely ornamental meaning for him, since it is the result of a progressive loss of sensuous meaning.

5. Metaphor Definition according to Donald Davidson

Metaphor was defined as the dreamwork of language and, like all dreamwork, its interpretation of dreams requires collaboration between a dreamer and a waker, even if they be the same person; and the act of interpretation is itself a work of the imagination. So too understanding a metaphor is as much a creative endeavor as making a metaphor, and as little guided by rules.

6. Metaphor Definition according to Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Metaphor is defined as an expression that describes a person or object in a literary way by referring to something that is considered to have similar characteristics to the person or object you are trying to describe.

For example: the mind is an ocean, and the city is a jungle, you are the angel of my life, etc

5 Concepts of Life According to Ancient Bugis Philosophy

DEFINITION.TODAY - Each tribe has a value order that shapes it into a solid civilization. These values ​​then merge into a concept of life that is held tightly by society all the time. On the basis of this premise, I am interested in exploring more deeply the concept of life rooted in the ancient Bugis philosophy.

In fact, this concept is described deeply in the book of Lagaligo which is believed to be the life book that belonged to the ancient Bugis society, when the Bugis civilization reached its peak. After the Dutch occupation of Bugis land, the book was captured. Although the holy book written in the Lontara letter is stored in the library of the University of Leiden, Bugis society still has it in part in verbal form. Sometimes, in my next article, I will reveal more about the Lontara book, which is also recognized by the world as one of the longest literary works of all time.

In this article, I invite all readers to recognize and contemplate one of the concepts of ancient Bugis life that until now still carried as social values. Moreover, this concept is a wisdom that can inspire us to be better society. Let's consider these concepts below:

1. Rebba Sipatokkong

Rebba means falling down. Sipatokkong means helping each other to rise or upright. This concept guides humans to be unselfish in their lives. In another sense, we must help each other when brothers, neighbors, or people in our neighborhood experience the despair or slump in their lives.

2. Mali Siparappe

Mali means drifting or drowning in the flow of life. Siparappe means helping each other to the banks of the rivers of life (save from drowning). This concept guides people to move forward and move together and never harm each other. When those around us are mistaken or misguided in living because blinded by the glitter of the world, we should not be indifferent or apathetic. Our hands must grab their hands, motivate them, then make sure they are okay to continue the journey of life against this challenging stream of life.

3. Malilu Sipakainge '

Malilu means unconsciousness or amnesia to the truth. Sipakainge 'means helping each other to wake up from forgetfulness or unconsciousness. In other words, humans must counsel each other when other humans experience the unconsciousness of the real truth. Unaware of the truth can be defined as exaggeration when becoming a rich man, feeling most powerful when becoming a leader, feeling most arrogant when being a high-ranking official, feeling most intelligent when successfully achieving the highest educational degree, or feeling strongest when winning martial arts competitions. In this case, Bugis philosophy reminds mankind that above the sky there is still the sky, meaning that no one is perfect. Therefore, we need to complement each other in goodness and truth.

4. Padaidi Padaelo

Padaidi means we are all or our neighbor. Padaelo means one taste, one word or both agree. This concept means as human beings, we need to agree in addressing a problem. We need to sit down together, deliberate, and discuss the best solutions with all togetherness. We should not emphasize selfish or group selfishness above the common good. Agreements must be obeyed and trust must be done well.

5. Suroi 'Menre' Tessuroi 'No'

Suroi 'Menre' means to support each other. Tessuroi No' means never dropping each other. This concept means that we as human beings should not degrade the status or social status of other humans. We must support each other to live together in harmony and balance. We should not create a gap in which the rich get richer and the poor become poorer. Thus, togetherness in any case becomes the key to the progress of a civilization.

After reading and contemplating the concepts of life according to ancient Bugis philosophy above, how do you think? Let me hear you in the comment box below! :)

5 Best Destinations in Bali that Make You Like in Heaven

DEFINITION.TODAY - Actually, there are many tourism destination in Indonesia, but this time I just want to share about Bali island and its natural beauty. Bali is a small town in the east of Indonesia, located between Java island and Lombok island. The island of Bali is also known as the island of Dewata in which there are thousands of magnificent temples in it.

Due to its natural charm and beauty, the island of Bali is annually destined for a holiday visit or to spend the summer. However, domestic and foreign tourists who visit Bali are not only to enjoy the beauty of nature, they also want to enjoy other attractions such as cultural exhibitions, art concerts, dance festival, culinary delights, and the sensation of shopping souvenirs in the trade center of Bali.

Then, if anyone asks, what can be seen and enjoyed in Bali, then I will help to mention some. Take a good note, here are 10 places I recommend to visit in Bali:

1. Kuta Beach

Historically, before Kuta Beach became a tourist destination like today, Kuta Beach is a big port, a trading center in Bali. Now, Kuta Beach transformed into a leading tourist destination in Bali, also in Indonesia.

Kuta Beach is the most famous tourist spot in Bali and the most visited by tourists. It is reasonable because the location is very close to the airport, the beaches are beautiful, the cost is cheap, and the waves are ideal for beginner surfers. Kuta Beach is also famous for its magnificent sunset, its stunning white sand and blue sea, equipped with very complete facilities. So, it is not wrong if many tourists who ever came to Bali say that Bali is one of paradises of the world.

2. Monkey Forest

Monkey Forest is a tourist spot in Bali that will bring you to blend with nature. Located in Ubud, Bali, Monkey Forest is a forest inhabited by many wild apes. These monkeys are considered sacred by the local people so they should not be disturbed and allowed to live in the forest. Monkeys in Monkey Forest love food, they will try to get the food you bring, even if the food is in your bag. In this place you will witness the life of hundreds of unique and interesting monkeys.

3. Padang-Padang Beach

Padang-Padang Beach is a less popular tourist destination compared to Kuta Beach, but it is a very beautiful and unique beach. By the time I first came to Padang-Padang Beach, I thought that this beach was an unattractive beach because it was less well known, but I was wrong. Padang-Padang Beach is a small beach hidden behind a cliff in the area of Pecatu, near Uluwatu. To reach it, you have to pass a ladder that cleaves the cliff. Padang-Padang beach is not big and wide, but it's very beautiful and interesting to visit. Now, most visitors of Padang-Padang Beach are foreign tourists because it is less well-known among ocal tourists.

4. Tanjung Benoa

Tanjung Benoa is the center of water sports activities and games in Bali. The characteristic of Tanjung Benoa Beach is very calm, so it is suitable for various types of water games. In this place, you can play snorkel, sea walker, banana boat, parasailing, wakeboard, water ski, jetski, scuba diving, donut boat, flying fish, and others. In addition, you can also go see the giant sea turtle on the island of turtles by boat from Tanjung Benoa.

5. Tanah Lot Temple

Tanah Lot Temple is one of the tourist attractions in Bali which is also famous for its beauty, especially at sunset. Tanah Lot Temple consisting of 2 temples is a temple to worship the god of the sea. This temple is located on a large rock on the edge of the sea. At the time of sea tide, you can not get closer to Tanah Lot Temple because around the rocks that become buffer Tanah Lot Temple will be flooded by sea water. At low tide you can see some tame sea snakes which according to locals are keepers of Tanah Lot Temple. In addition, in this location you can also hold a sacred serpent that is benign and harmless.

If you are interested to visit Bali, save your money from now and order your tickets before summer. Then, let me hear your story and experience! See you in Bali this holiday!

What is the Definition of Today?

DEFINITION.TODAY - In a general sense, today is defined as the day that is taking place, now, or the time of 12 pm on this day until 12 pm the next day. However, the term "today" actually has a broader and deeper meaning.

I prefer to mean "today" as a day when I can not go back to the past, where the former story is a memory - sweet or bitter.Today is also an opportunity to calculate mistakes or sins in the past as well as to prepare to move better in tomorrow's life.

In addition, today is a new trail that erases all the old footholds where every age gets older and the quota of life diminishes.Bad memories are still bad memories and the only way to fix them is to create a new impression that is more appreciated by many people.Good memories are also good memories, and the only way to live them is to consistently do things that put the happiness of others and never make the same mistakes anymore.

For me, today is a period that has the same duration as the previous days (24 hours) consisting day and night with different weather. Everyone around the world has the same time every day to live a life depending on how they respond to every opportunity.

Today is not the ultimate goal of life. Today is precisely the beginning of all the processes that bring you into the future. Today is a gift from God to collect the most of the provisions, the best foundation, and the best wisdom before wading through the ark of life filled with endless waves until the end of life.

I remembered the words of my grandfather, "today is a time that never comes back, has the same duration but it feels different." Therefore, doing the best things for today is an obligation that every human must perform. The people who wasted 24 hours today are the ones who wasted their lives. And those who waste their lives will not see the future except with the points of regret.

Today is the time when you have forgotten some memories of your life, but still leaves impressive stories. Past memories are both a lesson and a consideration to create the best path in the future. Therefore, people who can not leave the past are usually difficult to move. In fact, the first step is a golden opportunity to improve everything.

In other words, today is the ladder that will be your next path, helping you ascend to a higher stage of life, where the wind is more intense and the footsteps are getting heavier. Therefore, today is an opportunity to devise the best plans, strategies and tactics to win the battle against yourself.

Today is the bridge between yesterday and tomorrow and if you fail to cross it safely means you fall into the rivers of bitterness. Every yesterday will be left behind and every tomorrow will be today when you have passed it.

Today is sometimes hot, cold, cool, snowy, and cloudy. No one can be sure or impose on the situation. Humans can only hope and rely on that hope. Have you had a hope and plan to reach it today? If you haven't yet, please then make one hope immediately and let us discuss together on the comment box below! or You may have other definitions of "today". I would love to hear it!